In language testing, there are four approaches that are used during testing, namely the essay-translation approach, the structure approach, the integrative approach, and the communicative approach. This approach is often used in tests that combine several of these approaches. However, this approach has a weakness if it is only used by one approach without combining some of the features of the approach. Therefore, it is important to combine several approaches to be more efficient.

            The translation essay approach or also known as the pre-scientific stage of language testing, there are several skills that must be possessed during testing, namely the expertise of a teacher in making subjective assessments when conducting assessments. This assessment includes an assessment of one's ability to write-translation essays, and grammatical analysis (often in the form of comments about the language being learned). The test also has a heavy literary and cultural bias. On general exams such as high school graduation exams resulting from essay translation approach. However, this approach also has an auraloral advantage in examinations at the upper secondary and advanced levels.

            The structuralist approach involves structural linguistics which stresses the importance of constructive analysis and the need to identify and measure the learners' mastery of the separateelements of the target language such as phonology, vocabulary and grammar. This type of approach is still valid for use in certain tests by trying to separate composition tests from reading and only focus on structure. This approach leads to usefulness, simplicity and willingness to be taught. Understanding structures and patterns is very important when performing language tests on this approach.

            The integrative approach is an approach that involves examining language related to the meaning and communicative effects of a discourse to assess a person's ability to use two or more skills simultaneously. Integrative tests usually use cioze which is based on the Gestalt theory of "closure" to measure the reader to decode the message "interrupted" or "mutilated" and students must fill in each gap in the text and fill it with the correct word. While dictation is another major type of integrative test to improve students' listening skills.

            The communicative approach has similarities with the integrative approach, namely that it has similarities about the importance of the meaning of speech rather than its form and structure. The difference between the two is in the communicative approach related to how language is used in communication. To measure the communicative ability of a student through the view of language or the hypothesis of division. A communicative test is conducted to determine a student's language proficiency.

            A language testing is a method used by examiners to find out the level of a student's ability in various fields including speaking, writing, reading and etc. Each approach taken has different objectives according to their respective fields or depending on the purpose of the test. Therefore the need for an approach that is in accordance with what is desired by the examiner so that the test is carried out.